About these legal articles

Each article identifies its original author and publication date. Unless an article expressly states that it has been updated, it reflects the law or government policy in effect on its original publication date. Legal rules and procedures change; obtain advice about your circumstances.

Jurisdiction: Ontario and federal Canadian law, as applicable.

Research sources: Justice Laws Website · Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada · CanLII

Historical articles

Articles concerning COVID-19 measures, the 2016 Comprehensive Ranking System, IRCC developments from 2021–2022 and earlier temporary programs are retained for historical reference and may not describe current law or policy.